1:Sapphire imakupatsirani lingaliro la kalasi lomwe silimabwerera m'mbuyo
Sapphire ndi ruby ndi za "corundum" zomwezo ndipo zakhala zikuthandizira zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi kuyambira nthawi zakale.Monga chizindikiro cha kukhulupirika, nzeru, kudzipereka ndi ubwino, safiro wakhala akukondedwa kwambiri ndi akuluakulu a khoti kuyambira nthawi zakale, komanso ndi mwala wa chikumbutso cha chikumbutso cha 45th chaukwati.
Poyerekeza ndi ruby, safiro ndi yolemera kwambiri mumtundu.M'dziko lazodzikongoletsera, kuwonjezera pa corundum wofiira amatchedwa ruby, mitundu ina yonse ya miyala yamtengo wapatali ya corundum imatchedwa safiro.Lero ndikukutengerani koyamba kuti mumvetsetse mtundu wamtundu wa safiro wabuluu.
01 / Cornflower Blue
Kornflower (kumanzere)
Cornflower blue safire (kumanja)
Cornflower blue safire, wotchedwanso chifukwa ali ndi mtundu wofanana kwambiri ndi cornflower."Blueflower Blue" ndi safiro zomwe "magazi a njiwa" amatanthauza ma ruby, omwe amafanana ndi mitundu yamtengo wapatali yamtengo wapatali.Mbalame yabwino ya cornflower blue sapphire ndi yolemera, yofiirira pang'ono ya buluu;Ngati muyang'anitsitsa, mungapezenso kuti ili ndi mawonekedwe a velvet mkati.
Kornflower blue safire mtundu woyera, moto wofewa mtundu ndi osowa kupanga, ndi mwala osowa mu makampani safiro.
02 / Peacock Blue
Kornflower (kumanzere)
Cornflower blue safire (kumanja)
Peacock blue sapphire ndi pikoko blue
"Fang chikondi mpheta Yan ngati Cuixian, Feifeng Yuhuang pansi ku dziko."Ku Sri Lanka, pali gawo la kupanga safiro komweko ndi dzina lokongola: peacock blue sapphire.Mtundu wawo uli ngati nthenga za nkhanga zonyezimira pamagetsi abuluu, moti anthu amangodabwa.
03 / Velvet buluu
Kuwoneka kwa buluu wa velvet kumawonetsa kukongola
Velvet blue sapphire wakhala akufunidwa ndi makampani m'zaka zaposachedwa, mtundu wake ndi wolimba ngati galasi la blue cobalt, ndipo maonekedwe ake owoneka ngati velvet amapatsa anthu chidwi komanso chowoneka bwino.Sapphire iyi ndi yofanana ndi chiyambi cha cornflower blue safire, yomwe imapangidwa makamaka ku Sri Lanka, Madagascar ndi Kashmir.
04 / Royal Blue
Royal blue sapphire mkanda
Ngati buluu wa cornflower umapatsa anthu kumverera kwa phwando la mafashoni a nyenyezi, ndiye kuti buluu lachifumu liri ngati phwando lachifumu lokongola komanso lokongola.Royal Blue ndi buluu wolemera komanso wodzaza ndi buluu, womwe wakhala ukukondedwa kwambiri ndi banja lachifumu la mayiko osiyanasiyana kuyambira nthawi zakale.Myanmar ndi gwero lofunikira la safiro wabuluu wachifumu, koma m'zaka zaposachedwa, ndikukula kwapang'onopang'ono kwa migodi, Madagascar, Sri Lanka idayambanso kupanga miyala yabuluu yachifumu.
05 / Indigo blue
Sapphire, ngati utoto wa indigo, wocheperako komanso woletsedwa
Indigo ndi utoto wa mbiri yakale ndipo tsopano umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popaka nsalu za denim.Indigo ili ndi mtundu wakuda komanso kutsika pang'ono, ndipo mtengo wamsika ndi wotsika pang'ono.Indigo safiro amapezeka mu basalt, China, Thailand, Madagascar, Australia, Nigeria ndi malo ena amapangidwa mtundu safiro.
06 / Twilight Blue
kuyambira nthawi zakale.Myanmar ndi gwero lofunikira la safiro wabuluu wachifumu, koma m'zaka zaposachedwa, ndikukula kwapang'onopang'ono kwa migodi, Madagascar, Sri Lanka idayambanso kupanga miyala yabuluu yachifumu.
05 / Indigo blue
Twilight blue safire
Mu kamtambo kakang'ono ka buluu wa safiro, zikuwoneka kuti muli ndi thambo losatha dzuŵa litalowa.Monga miyala ya bluestones, miyala yabuluu ya Twilight imachokera ku basalt ndipo imapangidwa makamaka ku China, Thailand, Cambodia, Australia, Nigeria, ndi zina.
2: Kodi safiro amagawidwa bwanji?
Sapphire ndi ruby yake yapafupi ndi yamtundu wa mchere wa corundum.Mu gemmology, "mitundu" ndi mchere wokhala ndi chilinganizo chamankhwala chodziwika bwino komanso mawonekedwe atatu azithunzi.
"Zosiyanasiyana" ndi gulu laling'ono lamitundu yamchere.Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya corundum (mineral).Mitundu yambiri mwa mitunduyi siili yosowa kapena yamtengo wapatali ngati safiro."Corundum" ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya corundum yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati abrasive malonda.Ngati pamwamba pa aluminiyumu ya mpando wakale wa udzu ndi okosijeni, ukhoza kukhala wokutidwa ndi wosanjikiza woonda wa corundum.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya corundum imasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe amtundu, kuwonekera, mawonekedwe amkati ndi zochitika zowoneka.Monga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya corundum, safiro imabwera mumitundu yonse kupatula yofiira.Kwenikweni, ruby ndi safiro yofiyira, chifukwa ali amitundu yofanana ya corundum, mitundu yosiyana.
Zonse za safiro ndi ruby ndi corundum, mtundu wa aluminium oxide (Al2O3).Corundum ili ndi mawonekedwe a kristalo wokhazikika, opangidwa ndi kubwereza machitidwe pamlingo wa atomiki.Ma crystalline minerals amagawidwa molingana ndi makina asanu ndi awiri a makristalo osiyanasiyana omwe amasiyanitsidwa molingana ndi kubwereza kwa ma atomiki awo.
Corundum ili ndi mawonekedwe a kristalo atatu ndipo imakhala ndi aluminiyamu ndi mpweya wokha.Zimafunika chilengedwe chopanda silicon kuti chikule.Popeza silicon ndi chinthu chofala kwambiri padziko lapansi, corundum yachilengedwe ndiyosowa kwambiri.Corundum yoyera kwambiri ndi yopanda mtundu komanso yowonekera, imapanga safiro yoyera.Ndikokha ndi kuwonjezera kwa trace elements corundum imapeza utawaleza wamitundu.
Mtundu wa buluu wa safiro wa buluu umachokera ku mchere wa titaniyamu mkati mwa kristalo.Kuchuluka kwa titaniyamu mu safiro kumapangitsa kuti mtundu ukhale wochuluka.Kuchuluka kwamtundu wamtundu kungayambitse miyala ya safiro ya buluu kukhala yosalala kapena yakuda kwambiri, zomwe siziyenera komanso zimachepetsa mtengo wamwala.
Blue sapphire imafunanso kufufuza zinthu zotsatirazi:
1 - Chitsulo.Corundum ili ndi zitsulo zachitsulo, zomwe zimapanga safiro wobiriwira ndi wachikasu, ndikusakaniza ndi titaniyamu kuti apange safiro abuluu.
2 - Titaniyamu.Pali zifukwa ziwiri zosiyana za mtundu wachikasu wa safiro.Choyambitsa kwambiri ndi trace element iron.Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa chitsulo kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mtundu.The trace element titaniyamu imapangitsa kuti miyala ya safiro yachikasu iwoneke ngati yobiriwira yosafunikira, pomwe miyala yamtengo wapatali imakhala yopanda titaniyamu.Yellow safire amathanso kupangidwa mwachilengedwe ndi cheza chochepa padziko lapansi kapena ndi ma radiation opangidwa ndi labotale.Ma safiro opangidwa ndi labotale ndi osavulaza komanso osatulutsa ma radio, koma mtundu wawo umadziwika kuti umatha chifukwa cha kutentha ndi kuwala.Pachifukwa ichi, ogula ambiri amawapewa.
3 - Chromium.Mitundu yambiri ya safiro ya pinki imakhala ndi chromium.Kuchuluka kwambiri kwa chromium kumatulutsa ma rubi ndipo kutsika kochepa kumatulutsa safiro wa pinki.Ngati mawonekedwe a kristalo alinso ndi zinthu za titaniyamu, safiroyo imatengera mtundu wofiirira-pinki.Paparacha ndi safiro lalanje amafuna kukhalapo kwa chitsulo ndi chromium.
4 - Vanadium.Mitundu yofiirira ya safiro imachokera ku kupezeka kwa mineral vanadium.Chinthucho chimatchedwa Vanadis, dzina lakale lachi Norway la mulungu wamkazi wa ku Scandinavia Freyja.Vanadium imapezeka mwachilengedwe m'maminerals 65 ndi mafuta oyambira pansi ndipo ndi gawo la 20 lopezeka kwambiri padziko lapansi.Mtundu wofiirira wa safiro umapangidwa ndi tinthu tating'ono ta vanadium.Zochuluka zimapangitsa kuti safiro asinthe mtundu.
3: Zokongola za safiro - safiro ndizoposa buluu
Sapphire, ili ndi dzina labwino kwambiri la Chingerezi - Supphire, kuchokera ku Chihebri "safire", kutanthauza "chinthu changwiro" kutanthauza.Kukhalapo kwake kudakali chinsinsi, koma tangoyang'anani zolemba za Sri Lanka, wolemba wotchuka wa miyala yamtengo wapatali ya corundum, yomwe yakhala ikukumbidwa kwa zaka zosachepera 2,500.
1 "cornflower" safiro
Zakhala zikudziwika kuti ndi chuma chabwino kwambiri cha buluu.Ili ndi mtundu wofiirira wabuluu wakuya, ndipo imapereka mawonekedwe ake owoneka bwino, "chimanga" mtundu wabuluu wowala, wokongola komanso wolemekezeka, ndi mitundu ya safiro yosowa.
2. "buluu lachifumu" safiro
Ndiwolemekezeka wa safiro, makamaka omwe amapangidwa ku Myanmar.Mtundu wake ndi wabuluu wonyezimira wokhala ndi kamvekedwe ka utoto wofiirira, wokhala ndi kuzama kozama, wolemekezeka komanso wokongola, chifukwa mtundu wamtundu wa safiro wabuluu, ndende, machulukitsidwe ali ndi zofunika kwambiri, choncho onetsetsani kuti mwapeza chithandizo chodalirika cha satifiketi ya labotale pogula.
3. lotus safiro wofiira
Amatchedwanso "Padma (Padparadscha)" safiro, yomwe imamasuliridwanso kuti "Papalacha" safiro.Mawu akuti Padparadscha amachokera ku Sinhalese "Padmaraga", mtundu wofiira wa lotus womwe umayimira chiyero ndi moyo, ndipo ndi mtundu wopatulika m'mitima ya okhulupirira achipembedzo.
4.pinki safiro
Pinki safiro ndi imodzi mwa miyala yamtengo wapatali yomwe ikukwera mofulumira kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwapa, ndipo ogula ku Japan ndi ku United States asonyeza chidwi chake.Mtundu wa safiro wa pinki ndi wopepuka kuposa ruby, ndipo mawonekedwe amtundu siwokwera kwambiri, akuwonetsa pinki yowala bwino, koma osalemera kwambiri.
4.Yellow safire
Ma safiro achikasu amatha kutanthauza ma aloyi agolide okhala ndi safiro.Aloyiyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zodzikongoletsera ndi zodzikongoletsera chifukwa chonyezimira ndi kukongola kwa mwala wamtengo wapatali zimaphatikizana kupanga mapangidwe apadera.Sapphire amawonedwa ngati mwala wamtengo wapatali kwambiri mu gemology ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zodzikongoletsera, mawotchi ndi zokongoletsera.Miyala yamtengo wapatali ya safiro itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pazinthu zamakampani, monga ukadaulo wa laser ndi optoelectronics.
5: Ruby ndi mtundu wofiira wa mineral corundum, wotchedwanso aluminium oxide.Ndi imodzi mwa miyala yamtengo wapatali kwambiri chifukwa cha mtundu wake wolemera, kuuma kwake, ndi kukongola kwake.
6:Safiya wofiirira
Purple safiro ndi mtundu wodabwitsa komanso wolemekezeka, wodzaza ndi reverie ndi chikondi, chodabwitsa, chokhala ndi malingaliro apamwamba kwambiri a anthu ena ali ngati safiro wofiirira.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-06-2023