Ndi chitukuko chofulumira chaukadaulo wa augmented reality (AR), magalasi anzeru, monga chonyamulira chofunikira chaukadaulo wa AR, akusintha pang'onopang'ono kuchoka ku lingaliro kupita ku zenizeni. Komabe, kufalikira kwa magalasi anzeru kumakumanabe ndi zovuta zambiri zaukadaulo, makamaka pankhani yaukadaulo wowonetsera, kulemera, kutulutsa kutentha, komanso magwiridwe antchito a kuwala. M'zaka zaposachedwa, silicon carbide (SiC), monga zinthu zomwe zikubwera, zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zosiyanasiyana zama semiconductor ndi ma module. Tsopano ikulowa m'munda wa magalasi a AR ngati chinthu chofunikira. Silicon carbide's high refractive index, katundu wabwino kwambiri wochotsa kutentha, ndi kuuma kwakukulu, pakati pa zinthu zina, zikuwonetsa kuthekera kwakukulu kogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wowonetsera, kapangidwe kopepuka, ndi kutaya kutentha kwa magalasi a AR. Titha kuperekaSiC chowotcha, zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri kuti mbali zimenezi zitheke. Pansipa, tiwona momwe silicon carbide ingabweretsere kusintha kwa magalasi anzeru kuchokera kuzinthu zake, kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, kugwiritsa ntchito msika, ndi chiyembekezo chamtsogolo.
Katundu ndi Ubwino wa Silicon Carbide
Silicon carbide ndi bandgap semiconductor yamitundu yambiri yokhala ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri monga kuuma kwambiri, kukhathamiritsa kwamafuta ambiri, komanso index yayikulu yowunikira. Makhalidwewa amapereka mwayi wochuluka woti agwiritsidwe ntchito pazida zamagetsi, zida zowoneka bwino, komanso kasamalidwe ka matenthedwe. Makamaka m'munda wa magalasi anzeru, ubwino wa silicon carbide umawonekera makamaka pazinthu izi:
High Refractive Index: Silicon carbide ili ndi refractive index of over 2.6, yokwera kwambiri kuposa zida zachikhalidwe monga utomoni (1.51-1.74) ndi galasi (1.5-1.9). Mlozera wowoneka bwino kwambiri umatanthawuza kuti silicon carbide imatha kuletsa kufalikira kwa kuwala, kuchepetsa kutayika kwa mphamvu ya kuwala, potero kumapangitsa kuwala kowonekera ndi mawonekedwe (FOV). Mwachitsanzo, magalasi a Meta's Orion AR amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa silicon carbide waveguide, kukwaniritsa gawo la mawonedwe a digirii 70, kupitilira gawo la 40-mawonekedwe azinthu zamagalasi zachikhalidwe.
Kutentha Kwabwino Kwambiri: Silicon carbide imakhala ndi matenthedwe ochulukirapo nthawi mazana ambiri kuposa magalasi wamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kutentha mwachangu. Kuchepetsa kutentha ndi nkhani yofunika kwambiri pamagalasi a AR, makamaka panthawi yowala kwambiri komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwanthawi yayitali. Magalasi a silicon carbide amatha kusamutsa mwachangu kutentha kopangidwa ndi zinthu zowoneka bwino, kukulitsa kukhazikika ndi moyo wa chipangizocho. Titha kupereka SiC wafer yomwe imatsimikizira kuwongolera koyenera kwamafuta pamapulogalamu otere.
Kulimba Kwambiri ndi Kukaniza Kuvala: Silicon carbide ndi imodzi mwazinthu zolimba kwambiri zomwe zimadziwika, zachiwiri ndi diamondi. Izi zimapangitsa magalasi a silicon carbide kukhala osamva kuvala, oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. Mosiyana ndi izi, magalasi ndi zida za utomoni ndizosavuta kukwapula, zomwe zimakhudza zomwe wogwiritsa ntchito amakumana nazo.
Anti-Rainbow Effect: Zipangizo zamagalasi akale mu magalasi a AR zimakonda kutulutsa utawaleza, pomwe kuwala kozungulira kumaunikira pamwamba pa mawonekedwe a waveguide, ndikupanga mitundu yowoneka bwino ya kuwala. Silicon carbide imatha kuthetsa vutoli mwa kukhathamiritsa kapangidwe ka grating, motero kuwongolera mawonekedwe ndikuchotsa mphamvu ya utawaleza chifukwa cha kuwala kozungulira pamtunda.
Kupambana Kwaukadaulo kwa Silicon Carbide mu Magalasi a AR
M'zaka zaposachedwa, kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kwa silicon carbide mu magalasi a AR kwayang'ana kwambiri pakupanga magalasi a diffraction waveguide. Diffraction waveguide ndi teknoloji yowonetsera yomwe imagwirizanitsa zochitika za diffraction za kuwala ndi mawonekedwe a waveguide kuti azifalitsa zithunzi zopangidwa ndi zigawo za kuwala kupyolera mu grating mu lens. Izi zimachepetsa makulidwe a lens, kupangitsa magalasi a AR kuyang'ana pafupi ndi zovala zanthawi zonse.
Mu Okutobala 2024, Meta (omwe kale anali Facebook) adayambitsa kugwiritsa ntchito ma silicon carbide-etched waveguides ophatikizidwa ndi ma microLED mu magalasi ake a Orion AR, kuthetsa zopinga zazikulu m'magawo monga momwe amawonera, kulemera, ndi zinthu zakale zowoneka bwino. Wasayansi wowona wa Meta, Pascual Rivera, adati ukadaulo wa silicon carbide waveguide udasinthiratu mawonekedwe a magalasi a AR, ndikusintha zomwe zachitika kuchokera ku "disco-mpira ngati mawanga a utawaleza" kukhala "chochitika chosangalatsa ngati holo."
Mu Disembala 2024, XINKEHUI idapanga bwino gawo loyamba la 12-inch high-purity semi-insulating silicon carbide single crystal substrate, zomwe zikuwonetsa kupambana kwakukulu pagawo la magawo akulu akulu. Tekinoloje iyi imathandizira kugwiritsa ntchito silicon carbide muzochitika zatsopano zogwiritsira ntchito monga magalasi a AR ndi masinki otentha. Mwachitsanzo, chowotcha cha 12-inch silicon carbide chimatha kupanga magalasi 8-9 a magalasi a AR, kuwongolera kwambiri kupanga. Titha kupereka SiC wafer kuti athandizire ntchito zotere mumakampani agalasi a AR.
Posachedwapa, othandizira gawo lapansi a silicon carbide XINKEHUI adagwirizana ndi kampani ya Micro-nano optoelectronic ya MOD MICRO-NANO kuti akhazikitse mgwirizano womwe umayang'ana kwambiri pakukula ndi kukwezeleza msika waukadaulo wamagalasi a AR diffraction waveguide. XINKEHUI, ndi ukatswiri wake wa silicon carbide substrates, ipereka magawo apamwamba kwambiri a MOD MICRO-NANO, omwe apititse patsogolo ubwino wake muukadaulo waukadaulo wa micro-nano komanso kukonza ma waveguide a AR kuti apititse patsogolo magwiridwe antchito a mafunde a diffraction. Mgwirizanowu ukuyembekezeka kupititsa patsogolo kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo mu magalasi a AR, kulimbikitsa kusuntha kwamakampani kuti azigwira bwino ntchito komanso mapangidwe opepuka.
Pachiwonetsero cha 2025 SPIE AR|VR|MR, MOD MICRO-NANO inapereka magalasi ake a silicon carbide AR a m'badwo wachiwiri, olemera magilamu 2.7 okha ndi makulidwe a mamilimita 0.55 okha, opepuka kuposa magalasi adzuwa wamba, opatsa ogwiritsa ntchito mwayi wovala movutikira, ndikukwaniritsa "mawonekedwe opepuka".
Milandu Yogwiritsa Ntchito Silicon Carbide mu Magalasi a AR
Popanga ma silicon carbide waveguides, gulu la Meta lidathana ndi zovuta zaukadaulo wa etching. Woyang'anira kafukufuku a Nihar Mohanty adalongosola kuti kupendekera kokhazikika ndi ukadaulo wosakhala wachikhalidwe womwe umayika mizere mopendekera kuti muwongolere kulumikizana kwa kuwala ndikuwongolera bwino. Kupambana kumeneku kunayala maziko a kutengera kwa silicon carbide mu magalasi a AR.
Magalasi a Meta's Orion AR ndi oyimira ukadaulo wa silicon carbide mu AR. Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa silicon carbide waveguide, Orion imakwaniritsa mawonekedwe a 70-degree ndikuthana bwino ndi zinthu monga kuzunzika komanso kutulutsa utawaleza.
Giuseppe Carafiore, mtsogoleri waukadaulo wa Meta's AR waveguide, adanenanso kuti silicon carbide's high refractive index and thermal conductivity imapangitsa kukhala chinthu choyenera magalasi a AR. Pambuyo posankha zinthuzo, chovuta china chinali kupanga mafunde, makamaka njira yokhotakhota ya grating. Carafiore adalongosola kuti grating, yomwe imayang'anira kulumikiza kuwala mkati ndi kunja kwa mandala, iyenera kugwiritsa ntchito etching yopendekera. Mizere yokhotakhota sinakonzedwe molunjika koma imagawidwa pakona yolowera. Nihar Mohanty adawonjezeranso kuti anali gulu loyamba padziko lonse lapansi kuti akwaniritse zokhotakhota mwachindunji pazida. Mu 2019, Nihar Mohanty ndi gulu lake adapanga mzere wodzipatulira wopanga. Izi zisanachitike, palibe zida zomwe zinalipo zopangira ma silicon carbide waveguides, komanso ukadaulo sunali zotheka kunja kwa labu.
Zovuta ndi Zamtsogolo za Silicon Carbide
Ngakhale silicon carbide ikuwonetsa kuthekera kwakukulu mu magalasi a AR, kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumakumanabe ndi zovuta zingapo. Pakadali pano, zinthu za silicon carbide ndizokwera mtengo chifukwa chakukula pang'onopang'ono komanso zovuta kukonza. Mwachitsanzo, lens imodzi ya silicon carbide ya magalasi a Meta's Orion AR imawononga ndalama zokwana $1,000, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukwaniritsa zosowa za msika wa ogula. Komabe, ndikukula kwachangu kwamakampani amagalimoto amagetsi, mtengo wa silicon carbide ukuchepa pang'onopang'ono. Kuphatikiza apo, kupanga ma substrates akulu akulu (monga mawafa 12-inch) kupititsa patsogolo kuchepetsa mtengo komanso kukonza bwino.
Kuuma kwakukulu kwa silicon carbide kumapangitsanso kukhala kovuta kukonza, makamaka pakupanga ma micro-nano, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zokolola zochepa. M'tsogolomu, ndi mgwirizano wozama pakati pa ogulitsa silicon carbide substrate ndi opanga ma micro-nano optical, nkhaniyi ikuyembekezeka kuthetsedwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa Silicon carbide mu magalasi a AR kudakali koyambirira, zomwe zimafuna kuti makampani ambiri aziyika ndalama pa kafukufuku wa optical-grade silicon carbide ndi chitukuko cha zida. Gulu la Meta likuyembekeza kuti opanga ena ayambe kupanga zida zawo, popeza makampani akamayika ndalama zambiri pakufufuza ndi zida za optical grade silicon carbide, m'pamenenso chilengedwe chamakampani opanga magalasi a AR chidzakhala champhamvu.
Mapeto
Silicon carbide, yokhala ndi index yotsika kwambiri ya refractive, kutentha kwambiri, komanso kuuma kwakukulu, ikukhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamagalasi a AR. Kuchokera pa mgwirizano pakati pa XINKEHUI ndi MOD MICRO-NANO mpaka kugwiritsa ntchito bwino silicon carbide mu magalasi a Meta's Orion AR, kuthekera kwa silicon carbide mu magalasi anzeru kwawonetsedwa bwino. Ngakhale zovuta monga kukwera mtengo ndi zovuta zaukadaulo, pomwe makampani akukhwima komanso ukadaulo ukupitilirabe, silicon carbide ikuyembekezeka kuwala m'munda wa magalasi a AR, kuyendetsa magalasi anzeru kuti agwire bwino ntchito, kulemera kopepuka, komanso kutengera zambiri. M'tsogolomu, silicon carbide ikhoza kukhala yodziwika bwino mumakampani a AR, ndikuyambitsa nthawi yatsopano yamagalasi anzeru.
Kuthekera kwa silicon carbide sikungokhala magalasi a AR; ntchito zake zamagulu amagetsi ndi ma photonics zikuwonetsanso chiyembekezo chachikulu. Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito silicon carbide mu quantum computing ndi zida zamagetsi zamphamvu kwambiri zikufufuzidwa mwachangu. Pamene ukadaulo ukupita patsogolo ndikutsika mtengo, silicon carbide ikuyembekezeka kuchita gawo lalikulu m'magawo ambiri, kufulumizitsa chitukuko cha mafakitale ofananira. Titha kupereka chowotcha cha SiC pazogwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana, kuthandizira kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo wa AR ndi kupitilira apo.
Zogwirizana ndi mankhwala
8Inch 200mm 4H-N SiC Wafer Conductive dummy kafukufuku kalasi
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-01-2025