Momwe SiC ndi GaN Zikusinthira Kuyika kwa Power Semiconductor

Makampani opanga magetsi a semiconductor akusintha kwambiri chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito mwachangu zipangizo za wide-bandgap (WBG).Silicon Carbide(SiC) ndi Gallium Nitride (GaN) zili patsogolo pa kusinthaku, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zipangizo zamagetsi zam'badwo wotsatira zikhale ndi mphamvu zambiri, kusintha mwachangu, komanso kugwira ntchito bwino kwa kutentha. Zipangizozi sizikungosintha mawonekedwe amagetsi a ma semiconductor amphamvu komanso zimapanga zovuta zatsopano komanso mwayi muukadaulo wopaka. Kupaka bwino ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino mphamvu za zipangizo za SiC ndi GaN, kuonetsetsa kuti kudalirika, magwiridwe antchito, komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali pakugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zovuta monga magalimoto amagetsi (EV), makina amagetsi obwezerezedwanso, ndi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamafakitale.

Ubwino wa SiC ndi GaN

Zipangizo zamagetsi za silicon (Si) zafala kwambiri pamsika kwa zaka zambiri. Komabe, pamene kufunikira kwa mphamvu zambiri, kugwira ntchito bwino, komanso zinthu zazing'ono kukukula, silicon ikukumana ndi zofooka zake:

• Mphamvu yochepa yowononga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kugwira ntchito mosamala pamagetsi okwera.

• Kuthamanga pang'onopang'ono kwa kusintha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kusinthana kuwonongeke kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi.

• Kutsika kwa kutentha kwa kutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kuchuluke komanso kuti kuziziritsa kukhale kovuta.

SiC ndi GaN, monga ma semiconductor a WBG, amagonjetsa zofooka izi:

• SiCimapereka mphamvu yamagetsi yotsika kwambiri, mphamvu yabwino kwambiri yoyendetsera kutentha (kuwirikiza katatu mpaka kanayi kuposa silicon), komanso kupirira kutentha kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri monga ma inverter ndi ma traction motors.

• GaNimapereka kusintha mwachangu kwambiri, kukana pang'ono, komanso kuyenda kwa ma elekitironi ambiri, zomwe zimathandiza kuti ma converter amphamvu ang'onoang'ono komanso ogwira ntchito bwino azigwira ntchito pafupipafupi kwambiri.

Mwa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zimenezi, mainjiniya amatha kupanga makina amphamvu omwe ali ndi mphamvu zambiri, kukula kochepa, komanso kudalirika kwabwino.

Zotsatira za Kuyika Mphamvu

Ngakhale SiC ndi GaN zikukweza magwiridwe antchito a chipangizo pamlingo wa semiconductor, ukadaulo wolongedza uyenera kusintha kuti uthane ndi mavuto a kutentha, magetsi, ndi makina. Zinthu zofunika kuziganizira ndi izi:

1. Kusamalira Kutentha
   Zipangizo za SiC zimatha kugwira ntchito kutentha kopitilira 200°C. Kutaya kutentha koyenera ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti kutentha kusapitirire komanso kuonetsetsa kuti kudalirika kwa nthawi yayitali. Zipangizo zamakono zolumikizira kutentha (TIMs), zinthu zopangidwa ndi mkuwa-molybdenum, ndi mapangidwe opangidwa bwino ofalitsa kutentha ndizofunikira. Kuganizira za kutentha kumakhudzanso malo oyikamo die, kapangidwe ka module, ndi kukula kwa phukusi lonse.

2. Magwiridwe Amagetsi ndi Majeremusi
   Liwiro la GaN losinthira kwambiri limapangitsa kuti zinthu zoyambitsa ma packages—monga inductance ndi capacitance—zikhale zofunika kwambiri. Ngakhale zinthu zazing'ono zoyambitsa ma packages zitha kubweretsa kufalikira kwa magetsi ambiri, kusokonezeka kwa magetsi (EMI), ndi kutayika kwa ma switching. Njira zosungiramo zinthu monga flip-chip bonding, short current loops, ndi embedded die configurations zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuti zichepetse zotsatira za ma packages.

3. Kudalirika kwa Makina
   SiC ndi yofooka mwachibadwa, ndipo zipangizo za GaN-on-Si zimakhudzidwa ndi kupsinjika maganizo. Kuyika zinthu kuyenera kuthana ndi kusagwirizana kwa kutentha, kupotoka, ndi kutopa kwa makina kuti chipangizocho chikhale cholimba panthawi ya kutentha ndi magetsi mobwerezabwereza. Zipangizo zolumikizira zamagetsi zosapanikizika kwambiri, zinthu zogwirizana ndi malamulo, ndi zinthu zolimba zomwe zimayikidwa pansi zimathandiza kuchepetsa zoopsazi.

4. Kuchepetsa ndi Kuphatikiza
   Zipangizo za WBG zimathandiza kuti pakhale mphamvu zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kufunika kwa ma phukusi ang'onoang'ono. Njira zamakono zopangira ma phukusi—monga chip-on-board (CoB), dual-sided cooling, ndi system-in-package (SiP) integration—zimalola opanga mapulogalamu kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu pamene akupitirizabe kugwira ntchito bwino komanso kuwongolera kutentha. Miniaturization imathandizanso kuti pakhale kugwira ntchito pafupipafupi komanso kuyankha mwachangu m'makina amagetsi amphamvu.

Mayankho Otsogola Opangira Ma Packaging

Njira zingapo zatsopano zopangira zinthu zawonekera kuti zithandizire kugwiritsa ntchito SiC ndi GaN:

• Ma Substrate a Mkuwa Wolumikizidwa Molunjika (DBC)kwa SiC: Ukadaulo wa DBC umathandiza kufalikira kwa kutentha komanso kukhazikika kwa makina pansi pa mafunde amphamvu.

• Mapangidwe a GaN-on-Si OphatikizidwaIzi zimachepetsa kulowetsedwa kwa zinthu zoyambitsa matenda ndipo zimathandiza kusinthana mwachangu kwambiri m'magawo ang'onoang'ono.

• Kuphimba Kwambiri kwa Kutentha kwa Kutentha: Ma compounds apamwamba opangira zinthu ndi zinthu zochepetsera kupsinjika zimaletsa ming'alu ndi kusweka kwa zinthu pansi pa kutentha.

• Ma module a 3D ndi Multi-Chip: Kuphatikiza madalaivala, masensa, ndi zida zamagetsi mu phukusi limodzi kumawongolera magwiridwe antchito a dongosolo ndikuchepetsa malo a bolodi.

Zatsopanozi zikuwonetsa udindo wofunikira kwambiri pakuyika zinthu pakupanga mphamvu zonse za WBG semiconductors.

Mapeto

SiC ndi GaN akusintha kwambiri ukadaulo wamagetsi a semiconductor. Makhalidwe awo apamwamba amagetsi ndi kutentha amathandiza zida zomwe zimakhala zachangu, zogwira ntchito bwino, komanso zokhoza kugwira ntchito m'malo ovuta. Komabe, kukwaniritsa maubwino awa kumafuna njira zapamwamba zopakira zomwe zimayang'ana pa kasamalidwe ka kutentha, magwiridwe antchito amagetsi, kudalirika kwa makina, komanso kuchepetsedwa kwa mphamvu. Makampani omwe amapanga zinthu zatsopano mu ma CD a SiC ndi GaN adzatsogolera m'badwo wotsatira wamagetsi amphamvu, kuthandizira machitidwe ogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu moyenera komanso ogwira ntchito bwino m'magawo a magalimoto, mafakitale, ndi mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso.

Mwachidule, kusintha kwa ma CD a semiconductor amphamvu sikungasiyanitsidwe ndi kukwera kwa SiC ndi GaN. Pamene makampaniwa akupitilizabe kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, kuchuluka kwa anthu, komanso kudalirika kwakukulu, ma CD adzachita gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakumasulira zabwino za ma CD a semiconductors okhala ndi bandgap yayikulu kukhala mayankho othandiza komanso ogwiritsidwa ntchito.