Ma LED amaunikira dziko lathu lapansi, ndipo pamtima pa LED iliyonse yochita bwino kwambiri paliepitaxial mtanda-chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimatanthawuza kuwala kwake, mtundu wake, ndi mphamvu zake. Podziwa bwino sayansi ya kukula kwa epitaxial, opanga akutsegula njira zatsopano zowonetsera mphamvu zowonongeka komanso zotsika mtengo.
1. Njira Zakukulira Mwanzeru za Kuchita Bwino Kwambiri
Masiku ano kukula kwa magawo awiri, ngakhale kothandiza, kumalepheretsa kukula. Ma reactors ambiri amalonda amakula ma wafers asanu ndi limodzi okha pamtanda. Bizinesi ikupita ku:
- Ma reactors apamwamba kwambirizomwe zimagwira zophika zambiri, kuchepetsa mtengo komanso kupititsa patsogolo ntchito.
- Makina apamwamba kwambiri a single-waferkwa kusasinthika kwapamwamba ndi kubwerezabwereza.
2. HVPE: Njira Yachangu yopita ku Magawo Apamwamba
Hydride Vapor Phase Epitaxy (HVPE) imatulutsa mwachangu zigawo za GaN zokhala ndi zolakwika zochepa, zabwino ngati magawo anjira zina zakukulira. Makanema omasuka awa a GaN amatha kulimbana ndi tchipisi ta GaN. Nsomba? Makulidwe ndizovuta kuwongolera, ndipo mankhwala amatha kuwononga zida pakapita nthawi.
3. Kukula Kwambiri: Makhiristo Osalala, Kuwala Bwino
Popanga mosamalitsa chophikacho ndi masks ndi mazenera, opanga amawongolera GaN kuti ikule osati mmwamba, komanso m'mbali. "Epitaxy lateral" iyi imadzaza mipata yokhala ndi zolakwika zochepa, ndikupanga mawonekedwe a kristalo opanda cholakwika pama LED apamwamba kwambiri.
4. Pendeo-Epitaxy: Kulola Makhiristo Kuyandama
Nachi china chochititsa chidwi: akatswiri amakulitsa GaN pazipilala zazitali kenako ndikuisiya "mlatho" pamalo opanda kanthu. Kukula koyandama kumeneku kumathetsa kupsyinjika kwakukulu komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zinthu zosagwirizana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kristalo ikhale yamphamvu komanso yoyera.
5. Kuwala kwa UV Spectrum
Zida zatsopano zikukankhira kuwala kwa LED mozama mumtundu wa UV. N’chifukwa chiyani zimenezi zili zofunika? Kuwala kwa UV kumatha kuyambitsa ma phosphor apamwamba kwambiri kuposa momwe amachitira kale, kutsegulira chitseko cha ma LED oyera amtundu wina omwe ali owala komanso osapatsa mphamvu.
6. Multi-Quantum Well Chips: Mtundu kuchokera mkati
M'malo mophatikiza ma LED osiyanasiyana kuti apange kuwala koyera, bwanji osakula zonse mu umodzi? Tchipisi cha Multi-quantum well (MQW) chimachita izi poyika zigawo zomwe zimatulutsa mafunde osiyanasiyana, kusakaniza kuwala mkati mwa chip. Ndi yabwino, yophatikizika, komanso yokongola, ngakhale yovuta kupanga.
7. Kubwezeretsanso Kuwala ndi Photonics
Sumitomo ndi Boston University awonetsa kuti zinthu zosanjikiza monga ZnSe ndi AlInGaP pa ma LED a buluu zimatha "kubwezeretsanso" zithunzizo kukhala zoyera. Njira yanzeru yosanjirira iyi ikuwonetsa kusakanikirana kosangalatsa kwa sayansi yazinthu ndi zithunzi zomwe zikugwira ntchito pamapangidwe amakono a LED.
Momwe Mawotchi a LED Epitaxial Amapangidwira
Kuchokera ku gawo lapansi kupita ku chip, nayi ulendo wosavuta:
- Gawo Lakukula:Gawo laling'ono → Kapangidwe → Chosungira → N-GaN → MQW → P-GaN → Anneal → Kuyendera
- Gawo Lopanga:Kujambula → Lithography → Etching → N/P Electrodes → Dicing → Kusanja
Kusamalitsa kumeneku kumawonetsetsa kuti chipangizo chilichonse cha LED chimapereka magwiridwe antchito omwe mungadalire, kaya ndikuyatsa chophimba chanu kapena mzinda wanu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-08-2025